Since the ball moves fast, it is often difficult to make correct judgments during the game. This is why hockey is judged by two umpires. Both are chief umpires.
Green card ・・・2-minute suspension
Yellow card・・・5 or 10 minutes suspension
Red card ・・・Immediate and permanent suspension
Apart from between the award and end of a penalty corner, any number of players can be changed at once for unlimited number of times. The play is suspended only when the goal keeper is replaced.
This is a rule to enable the player taking a free hit when the ball gets out of the line or when fouled by the opponent to resume the game by passing the ball to him/herself after taking the free hit.
Penalty corner is a set play awarded to the attacking team when the defending team fouls within its own shooting circle.
Any number of players in the attacking team can join the attack resulting from a penalty corner but the defending team must defend it with five players including the goal keeper.
Penalty stroke is awarded when the umpire judges that there was an intentional foul by the defending team in its own shooting circle or a foul in the penalty circle that prevents “the probable scoring of a goal”.
A penalty stroke is taken by one player chosen from the attacking team after the goal keeper of the defending team gets in the defensive position (stands with both feet on the goal line). The player taking the penalty stroke must hit the ball from the penalty spot, which is 6.4 meters directly in front of the center of the goal.
In the event of a tie, a shootout (SO) match, equivalent to a penalty shootout in soccer, is held and is contested by five attackers and goalkeepers each.
The shooters start from the 23-meter line and the goalkeepers from the goal line on the umpire's signal, and the shootout lasts 8 seconds.
Umpires sometimes intentionally do not blow the whistle and allow play to continue during a penalty, by applying the “advantage” rule, when they judge that the team that committed the foul play would gain an advantage when play is suspended.
In field hockey, water is sprayed over the artificial turf to prevent the players who fall down or skid from getting a burn due to friction with the ground surface.
The introduction of artificial turf has helped the players to perform more dynamically, increase the velocity of the ball in play and make the game more thrilling to watch.
Penalty is issued to the player that strikes the ball with the round-faced side of the stick.
Penalty is issued, such as, when a player hits or forced down the opponent with the stick or any parts of the body, including hands and feet.
Penalty that is issued, such as, when the umpire judges that the ball is lifted in a space where many players are close by is potentially dangerous or when a player lifts the ball aiming at a specific opponent.
Penalty that is issued when the field player (any player other than the goal keeper) control the ball with the feet or any other parts of the body.
Penalty issued when using the body or stick to prevent opponents from pursuing the ball, such as, by hiding it.
